A week after an untreated sewage spill marred North Lake
Tahoe’s tourist season, one of the two popular beaches affected
has reopened. The Carnelian West and Patton Landing beaches in
Carnelian Bay were initially closed just before sunset on July
18, when a private contractor, working on a Caltrans project,
damaged a pipeline belonging to the North Tahoe Public Utility
District. As a result, approximately 125,000 gallons of
sewage leaked into a nearby parking lot, with around 85,000
gallons reaching the pristine lake.
In a case that could limit the authority of federal and state
agencies to regulate water pollution, San Francisco is arguing
to the Supreme Court that it is responsible only for the
pollutants its sewage-treatment plants discharge into the
ocean, and not for the quality of the waters themselves. The
court agreed in May to hear San Francisco’s appeal of a ruling
that said the city was failing to protect swimmers and bathers
from discharges of sewage into the Pacific Ocean. The ruling,
due by June 2025, will determine whether local governments can
be penalized for pollution near their shores, or whether — as
they contend — the law requires them only to limit contaminants
to levels set in advance, like specific discharges per million
parts of water. In its Supreme Court filing, San Francisco
compared itself to a chef telling cooks what ingredients to
include in a pot of soup, rather than vaguely instructing them
not to make the soup “too salty.”
Two Los Angeles-area beaches have been shut down for more than
48 hours — amid an intense heat wave across parts of California
— not because of sharks or lack of lifeguards, but because
several thousand gallons of untreated sewage have spilled into
a nearby creek, stinking up summer plans for beachgoers,
officials said. An estimated 15,000 gallons of sewage was
discharged on Saturday afternoon in a neighborhood roughly
seven miles east of the Santa Monica Pier, entering the Ballona
Creek, the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health said
in a news release.
As firefighters continue to battle more than two dozen active
wildfires in California, new research has found that millions
of people are living in close proximity to oil and gas wells
that are in the potential path of flames. More than 100,000
wells in 19 states west of the Mississippi River are in areas
that have burned in recent decades and face a high risk of
burning in the future, with the vast majority in California,
according to a study published recently in the journal One
Earth. What’s more, nearly 3 million Americans live within
3,200 feet of those wells, putting them at heightened risk of
explosions, air and water pollution, infrastructure damage and
other hazards.
Due to elevated levels of bacteria the Carnelian Bay West beach
and Patton Landing beach will remain closed to the public until
further notice. A health advisory also remains in effect for
Lake Tahoe shoreline from 5500 North Lake Boulevard (Sahara
Drive and Highway 28) to 4600 North Lake Boulevard. (see
attached map for reference). Residents and visitors are advised
that contact with the lake water in the advisory area could
cause illness due to elevated bacteria levels. The NTPUD’s
public drinking water system is not at risk and tap water is
safe to drink.
Large, aging asbestos pipes have been left sitting on the
ground in an open lot next to the badly polluted New River in
Calexico near the Mexico border seven months after they were
discovered by a state inspector, according to California toxics
staffers and documents obtained by The Desert Sun. Asbestos in
various forms is a known carcinogen, but must be “friable” or
released to the air and inhaled over time to cause harm. While
there is no clear evidence of immediate risk, state toxics
staff told The Desert Sun some of the pipes are cracked or
broken, and appear to have been there a long time. Published
research shows old tiles, pipes or other materials containing
forms of the potential carcinogen can degrade into the air or
soil and release dangerous fibers.
Last Sunday marked the 2024 Trinity River Clean Up in Hoopa.
The clean-up is an on-river and land effort to clean up, and
share information about protecting, the Trinity River. This
year at least 65 people collected over two truckloads of trash,
while also swimming and rafting. The local Rios to Rivers 2024
Paddle Tribal Waters cohort and Warrior Institute were among
them, along with many local youth. “The river clean-up was a
great success. It gave our community an opportunity to take
pride in our valley and keep our rivers clean,” explained new
Hoopa Valley Tribe councilman and longtime clean-up supporter
Joseph Marshall.
When a Los Angeles City Council committee approved a motion
calling for a feasibility study into a potential ban on
artificial grass in L.A., Kelly Shannon McNeil, associate
director of the nonprofit Los Angeles Waterkeeper, saw the move
as an “incredibly positive step.” The city council’s Energy and
Environment Committee voted on June 28 to approve a study in
order to understand the health impacts of artificial turf — a
product that is widely used by schools, homeowners and many
others, but which can contain synthetic chemicals known as
polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS. … Artificial turf is
promoted as not requiring water like real grass — but
artificial turf is sometimes watered to cool down the green
plastic on hot, sunny days. It is being widely installed in
residential yards, recreational areas and sports
fields. But Los Angeles city council members Bob
Blumenfield and Katy Yaroslavsky, who introduced and seconded
the motion, want to know if the health impacts of artificial
turf outweigh the potential benefits.
Water systems located in nearly every single California county
are at risk of failing, according to a map created
by Newsweek using data from the California State
Water Resources Control Board. The board released its annual
report in June as municipalities around the nation have
considered improving their water-treatment
systems to counteract cyberattacks or to meet
new requirements from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
about the levels of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances, known
as PFAS, in the water supply. … A map of the at-risk
drinking water systems shows that they are impacted throughout
the state, with some of the highest concentrations of impacted
systems in Tulare, Kern and Los Angeles Counties. The only
counties without an at-risk water system were Lassen, Modoc and
San Francisco.
Almost 400 water systems serving nearly a million Californians
don’t meet state requirements for safe and reliable drinking
water supplies — and fixing them would cost billions of
dollars. More than two-thirds of these failing water systems
serve communities of color, and more than half are in places
struggling with poverty and pollution, according to an annual
assessment released today by the State Water Resources Control
Board. These water systems failed to provide water “which
is at all times pure, wholesome, and potable,” as required.
Some violated drinking water standards for chemicals, bacteria,
taste or odor. Others rely on bottled water, or have failed to
meet treatment, monitoring or other requirements. … The price
tag for ensuring safe, affordable and accessible water supplies
for all Californians is staggering — an estimated $16 billion
over the next five years — as the state grapples with a
multibillion-dollar deficit.
To keep pace with a growing demand for water, there is now a
pressing need for water recycling facilities that can remove
pollutants from wastewater. Recently, many synthetic materials
have emerged which can absorb pollutants very efficiently.
However, their high costs place them out of reach for many
developing nations. In research published in Applied Surface
Science Advances, O P Pandey and colleagues at Thapar Institute
of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India, present an
in-depth analysis of how natural biosorbents could provide an
affordable alternative for treating wastewater. With the right
approach, the team shows that these eco-friendly materials
could be produced from agricultural waste, making them far more
accessible in developing countries. … Pandey’s team hope
their findings … could pave the way for new approaches to
treating agricultural waste products for use as biosorbents for
wastewater treatment. Through this, they could one day help
millions of people in the developing world to gain easier, more
affordable access to clean water.
The San Jose City Council has agreed to an ambitious plan to
move about 500 homeless people living along waterways to
sanctioned encampment sites throughout the city by the middle
of next year — but it’s already gotten pushback from community
members about its choice of locations. … The state agency
forcing the city to act is the San Francisco Bay Regional Water
Quality Control Board, which has recently increased pressure on
cities across the region to move encampments away from
sensitive waterways. After three rejections, the water board
recently approved the city’s plan to drastically reduce the
amount of trash and pollution flowing into its 140 miles of
creeks and rivers. If local officials fail to meet their
commitments to clean up the waterways by June 2025, the agency
could fine the city tens of thousands of dollars per day.
For years, scientists on the hunt for microplastics have found
them almost everywhere. First, they spotted tiny pieces of
plastic in the ocean, in the bodies of fish and mussels. Then
they found them in soft drinks, in tap water, in vegetables and
fruits, in burgers. Now researchers are discovering that
microplastics are floating around us, suspended in the air on
city streets and inside homes. One study found that people
inhale or ingest on average 74,000 to 121,000 microplastic
particles per year through breathing, eating and drinking.
Today on “Post Reports,” climate reporter Shannon Osaka answers
host Elahe Izadi’s questions about these plastic particles that
humans are taking in in much larger quantities than previously
thought.
The calls to Clear Lake State Park come in steadily now from
people saying they’ve heard the lake may no longer be safe for
swimming…. It’s pretty clear why. A composite satellite image
produced by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s
Earth Observatory depicting a nasty-looking, solid green lake
has been circulated widely over the past two weeks, republished
by news agencies around the nation and posted all over social
media, to the chagrin of Lake County tourism interests.
Carlsbad’s desalination plant, which provides 10 percent of San
Diego County’s drinking water, will get $19.4 million for the
construction of its new seawater intakes as part of $142
million in federal grants for water projects throughout the
West. … The improvements are intended to better protect
wildlife, the environment and the plant by rerouting trash from
the water stream to a sorting area where it can be removed. The
new intakes also have bars to prevent marine mammals from
getting close to the screens and a floating boom to stop
floating debris.
By any objective standard, the southern coast of San Diego
County is enduring a long-running environmental nightmare.
Decades of billions of gallons of untreated human waste flowing
north from broken sewage infrastructure in Tijuana have
sickened a vast number of surfers and swimmers and many Navy
SEALs training at Coronado. Especially because of ailments
reported by border agents, some doctors worry that the health
threat goes far beyond active ocean users to include those who
spend extended time in coastal areas and breathe air that often
smells like a filthy portable toilet. Now there is fresh
confirmation of how uniquely awful this problem is. The
Surfrider Foundation has released a report on 567 sites in
which it tested water for unsafe bacteria levels and found
Imperial Beach — which has been closed for more than two years
— had far and away the dirtiest water in the United
States.
Tiny pieces of plastic waste shed
from food wrappers, grocery bags, clothing, cigarette butts,
tires and paint are invading the environment and every facet of
daily life. Researchers know the plastic particles have even made
it into municipal water supplies, but very little data exists
about the scope of microplastic contamination in drinking
water.
After years of planning, California this year is embarking on a
first-of-its-kind data-gathering mission to illuminate how
prevalent microplastics are in the state’s largest drinking water
sources and help regulators determine whether they are a public
health threat.
A pilot program in the Salinas Valley run remotely out of Los Angeles is offering a test case for how California could provide clean drinking water for isolated rural communities plagued by contaminated groundwater that lack the financial means or expertise to connect to a larger water system.
Martha Guzman recalls those awful
days working on water and other issues as a deputy legislative
secretary for then-Gov. Jerry Brown. California was mired in a
recession and the state’s finances were deep in the red. Parks
were cut, schools were cut, programs were cut to try to balance a
troubled state budget in what she remembers as “that terrible
time.”
She now finds herself in a strikingly different position: As
administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s
Region 9, she has a mandate to address water challenges across
California, Nevada, Arizona and Hawaii and $1 billion to help pay
for it. It is the kind of funding, she said, that is usually
spread out over a decade. Guzman called it the “absolutely
greatest opportunity.”
Innovative efforts to accelerate
restoration of headwater forests and to improve a river for the
benefit of both farmers and fish. Hard-earned lessons for water
agencies from a string of devastating California wildfires.
Efforts to drought-proof a chronically water-short region of
California. And a broad debate surrounding how best to address
persistent challenges facing the Colorado River.
These were among the issues Western Water explored in
2019, and are still worth taking a look at in case you missed
them.
It’s been a year since two devastating wildfires on opposite ends
of California underscored the harsh new realities facing water
districts and cities serving communities in or adjacent to the
state’s fire-prone wildlands. Fire doesn’t just level homes, it
can contaminate water, scorch watersheds, damage delivery systems
and upend an agency’s finances.
Blasted by sun and beaten by waves,
plastic bottles and bags shed fibers and tiny flecks of
microplastic debris that litter the San Francisco Bay where they
can choke the marine life that inadvertently consumes it.
Summer is a good time to take a
break, relax and enjoy some of the great beaches, waterways and
watersheds around California and the West. We hope you’re getting
a chance to do plenty of that this July.
But in the weekly sprint through work, it’s easy to miss
some interesting nuggets you might want to read. So while we’re
taking a publishing break to work on other water articles planned
for later this year, we want to help you catch up on
Western Water stories from the first half of this year
that you might have missed.
Each day, people living on the streets and camping along waterways across California face the same struggle – finding clean drinking water and a place to wash and go to the bathroom.
Some find friendly businesses willing to help, or public restrooms and drinking water fountains. Yet for many homeless people, accessing the water and sanitation that most people take for granted remains a daily struggle.
One of California Gov. Gavin
Newsom’s first actions after taking office was to appoint Wade
Crowfoot as Natural Resources Agency secretary. Then, within
weeks, the governor laid out an ambitious water agenda that
Crowfoot, 45, is now charged with executing.
That agenda includes the governor’s desire for a “fresh approach”
on water, scaling back the conveyance plan in the Sacramento-San
Joaquin Delta and calling for more water recycling, expanded
floodplains in the Central Valley and more groundwater recharge.
Low-income Californians can get help with their phone bills, their natural gas bills and their electric bills. But there’s only limited help available when it comes to water bills.
That could change if the recommendations of a new report are implemented into law. Drafted by the State Water Resources Control Board, the report outlines the possible components of a program to assist low-income households facing rising water bills.
The growing leadership of women in water. The Colorado River’s persistent drought and efforts to sign off on a plan to avert worse shortfalls of water from the river. And in California’s Central Valley, promising solutions to vexing water resource challenges.
These were among the topics that Western Water news explored in 2018.
We’re already planning a full slate of stories for 2019. You can sign up here to be alerted when new stories are published. In the meantime, take a look at what we dove into in 2018:
Disadvantaged communities are those carrying the greatest
economic, health and environmental burdens. They include
poverty, high unemployment, higher risk of asthma and heart
disease, and often limited access to clean, affordable drinking
water.
For decades, cannabis has been grown
in California – hidden away in forested groves or surreptitiously
harvested under the glare of high-intensity indoor lamps in
suburban tract homes.
In the past 20 years, however, cannabis — known more widely as
marijuana – has been moving from being a criminal activity to
gaining legitimacy as one of the hundreds of cash crops in the
state’s $46 billion-dollar agriculture industry, first legalized
for medicinal purposes and this year for recreational use.
As we continue forging ahead in 2018
with our online version of Western Water after 40 years
as a print magazine, we turned our attention to a topic that also
got its start this year: recreational marijuana as a legal use.
State regulators, in the last few years, already had been beefing
up their workforce to tackle the glut in marijuana crops and
combat their impacts to water quality and supply for people, fish
and farming downstream. Thus, even if these impacts were perhaps
unbeknownst to the majority of Californians who approved
Proposition 64 in 2016, we thought it important to see if
anything new had evolved from a water perspective now that
marijuana was legal.
Joaquin Esquivel learned that life is
what happens when you make plans. Esquivel, who holds the public
member slot at the State Water Resources Control Board in
Sacramento, had just closed purchase on a house in Washington
D.C. with his partner when he was tapped by Gov. Jerry Brown a
year ago to fill the Board vacancy.
Esquivel, 35, had spent a decade in Washington, first in several
capacities with then Sen. Barbara Boxer, D-Calif., and then as
assistant secretary for federal water policy at the California
Natural Resources Agency. As a member of the State Water Board,
he shares with four other members the difficult task of
ensuring balance to all the uses of California’s water.
A new study could help water
agencies find solutions to the vexing challenges the homeless
face in gaining access to clean water for drinking and
sanitation.
The Santa Ana Watershed Project
Authority (SAWPA) in Southern California has embarked on a
comprehensive and collaborative effort aimed at assessing
strengths and needs as it relates to water services for people
(including the homeless) within its 2,840 square-mile area that
extends from the San Bernardino Mountains to the Orange County
coast.
Microplastics – plastic debris
measuring less than 5 millimeters – are an
increasing water quality concern. They enter waterways and
oceans as industrial microbeads from various consumer
products or larger plastic litter that degrades into small bits.
Microbeads have been used in exfoliating agents, cosmetic washes
and large-scale cleaning processes. Microplastics are used
pharmaceutically for efficient drug delivery to affected sites in
patients’ bodies and by textile companies to create artificial
fibers.
Microplastics disperse easily and widely throughout surface waters and sediments. UV
light, microbes and erosion degrade the tiny fragments, making
them even smaller and more difficult for wastewater treatment
plants to remove.
The particles, usually made of polyethylene or polypropylene
plastic, take thousands of years to biodegrade
naturally. It takes prohibitively high temperatures to
break microplastics down fully. Consequently, most water treatment plants cannot remove
them.
The health effects of consumption are currently under
investigation.
Responses
Many advocacy groups have published lists of products containing
microbeads to curb their purchase and pollution.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulates microbeads in
industrial, but not domestic, wastewater.
Federal
law required microbeads to be phased out of rinse-off
cosmetics beginning in July 2017. Dozens of states also
regulate microbeads in products. California has the strictest
limitation, prohibiting even the use of biodegradable microbeads.
Microplastics in California Water
In 2019, the San Francisco Estuary Institute published a
study estimating that 7 trillion pieces of microplastic
enter San Francisco
Bay annually from stormwater runoff, about 300
times the amount in all wastewater treatment effluent entering
the bay.
California lawmakers in 2018 passed a package of bills to raise
awareness of the risks of microplastics and microfibers in the
marine environment and drinking water. As
directed by the legislation, the State Water Resources Control
Board in 2020 adopted an official
definition of microplastics in drinking water and in 2022
developed the world’s standardized methods for testing drinking
water for microplastics.
The water board was expected by late 2023 to begin testing
for microplastics in untreated drinking water sources tapped by
30 of the state’s largest water utilities. After two years, the
testing was expected to extend to treated tap water served
to consumers. A progress report and recommendations for
policy changes or additional research are required by the end of
2025.
Contaminants exist in water supplies from both natural and
manmade sources. Even those chemicals present without human
intervention can be mobilized from introduction of certain
pollutants from both
point and nonpoint sources.
Directly detecting harmful pathogens in water can be expensive,
unreliable and incredibly complicated. Fortunately, certain
organisms are known to consistently coexist with these harmful
microbes which are substantially easier to detect and culture:
coliform bacteria. These generally non-toxic organisms are
frequently used as “indicator
species,” or organisms whose presence demonstrates a
particular feature of its surrounding environment.
Point sources release pollutants from discrete conveyances, such
as a discharge pipe, and are regulated by federal and state
agencies. The main point source dischargers are factories and
sewage treatment plants, which release treated
wastewater.
Problems with polluted stormwater and steps that can be taken to
prevent such pollution and turn what is often viewed as
“nuisance” runoff into a water resource is the focus of this
publication, Stormwater Management: Turning Runoff into a
Resource. The 16-page booklet, funded by a grant from the State
Water Resources Control Board, includes color photos and
graphics, text explaining common stormwater pollutants and
efforts to prevent stormwater runoff through land use/
planning/development – as well as tips for homeowners to reduce
their impacts on stormwater pollution.
20-minute version of the 2012 documentary The Klamath Basin: A
Restoration for the Ages. This DVD is ideal for showing at
community forums and speaking engagements to help the public
understand the complex issues related to complex water management
disputes in the Klamath River Basin. Narrated by actress Frances
Fisher.
For over a century, the Klamath River Basin along the Oregon and
California border has faced complex water management disputes. As
relayed in this 2012, 60-minute public television documentary
narrated by actress Frances Fisher, the water interests range
from the Tribes near the river, to energy producer PacifiCorp,
farmers, municipalities, commercial fishermen, environmentalists
– all bearing legitimate arguments for how to manage the water.
After years of fighting, a groundbreaking compromise may soon
settle the battles with two epic agreements that hold the promise
of peace and fish for the watershed. View an excerpt from the
documentary here.
This 25-minute documentary-style DVD, developed in partnership
with the California Department of Water Resources, provides an
excellent overview of climate change and how it is already
affecting California. The DVD also explains what scientists
anticipate in the future related to sea level rise and
precipitation/runoff changes and explores the efforts that are
underway to plan and adapt to climate.
Salt. In a small amount, it’s a gift from nature. But any doctor
will tell you, if you take in too much salt, you’ll start to have
health problems. The same negative effect is happening to land in
the Central Valley. The problem scientists call “salinity” poses
a growing threat to our food supply, our drinking water quality
and our way of life. The problem of salt buildup and potential –
but costly – solutions are highlighted in this 2008 public
television documentary narrated by comedian Paul Rodriguez.
A 20-minute version of the 2008 public television documentary
Salt of the Earth: Salinity in California’s Central Valley. This
DVD is ideal for showing at community forums and speaking
engagements to help the public understand the complex issues
surrounding the problem of salt build up in the Central Valley
potential – but costly – solutions. Narrated by comedian Paul
Rodriquez.
20-minute DVD that explains the problem with polluted stormwater,
and steps that can be taken to help prevent such pollution and
turn what is often viewed as a “nuisance” into a water resource
through various activities.
Many Californians don’t realize that when they turn on the
faucet, the water that flows out could come from a source close
to home or one hundreds of miles away. Most people take their
water for granted; not thinking about the elaborate systems and
testing that go into delivering clean, plentiful water to
households throughout the state. Where drinking water comes from,
how it’s treated, and what people can do to protect its quality
are highlighted in this 2007 PBS documentary narrated by actress
Wendie Malick.
A 30-minute version of the 2007 PBS documentary Drinking Water:
Quenching the Public Thirst. This DVD is ideal for showing at
community forums and speaking engagements to help the public
understand the complex issues surrounding the elaborate systems
and testing that go into delivering clean, plentiful water to
households throughout the state.
This beautiful 24×36-inch poster, suitable for framing, displays
the rivers, lakes and reservoirs, irrigated farmland, urban areas
and Indian reservations within the Klamath River Watershed. The
map text explains the many issues facing this vast,
15,000-square-mile watershed, including fish restoration;
agricultural water use; and wetlands. Also included are
descriptions of the separate, but linked, Klamath Basin
Restoration Agreement and the Klamath Hydroelectric Agreement,
and the next steps associated with those agreements. Development
of the map was funded by a grant from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
As the state’s population continues to grow and traditional water
supplies grow tighter, there is increased interest in reusing
treated wastewater for a variety of activities, including
irrigation of crops, parks and golf courses, groundwater recharge
and industrial uses.
The 28-page Layperson’s Guide to California
Wastewater is an in-depth, easy-to-understand publication
that provides background information on the history of wastewater
treatment and how wastewater is collected, conveyed, treated and
disposed of today. The guide also offers case studies of
different treatment plants and their treatment processes.
As part of the historic Colorado
River Delta, the Salton Sea regularly filled and dried for
thousands of years due to its elevation of 237 feet below
sea level.
The most recent version of the Salton Sea was formed in 1905 when
the Colorado River broke
through a series of dikes and flooded the seabed for two years,
creating California’s largest inland body of water. The
Salton Sea, which is saltier than the Pacific Ocean, includes 130
miles of shoreline and is larger than Lake Tahoe.
This printed issue of Western Water, based on presentations
at the November 3-4, 2010 Water Quality Conference in Ontario,
Calif., looks at constituents of emerging concerns (CECs) – what
is known, what is yet to be determined and the potential
regulatory impacts on drinking water quality.
This issue of Western Water looks at some of the issues
facing drinking water providers, such as compliance with
increasingly stringent treatment requirements, the need to
improve source water quality and the mission of continually
informing consumers about the quality of water they receive.
This issue of Western Water examines PPCPs – what they are, where
they come from and whether the potential exists for them to
become a water quality problem. With the continued emphasis on
water quality and the fact that many water systems in the West
are characterized by flows dominated by effluent contributions,
PPCPs seem likely to capture interest for the foreseeable future.
This issue of Western Water examines the presence of mercury in
the environment and the challenge of limiting the threat posed to
human health and wildlife. In addition to outlining the extent of
the problem and its resistance to conventional pollution
remedies, the article presents a glimpse of some possible courses
of action for what promises to be a long-term problem.
This issue of Western Water examines the problem of perchlorate
contamination and its ramifications on all facets of water
delivery, from the extensive cleanup costs to the search for
alternative water supplies. In addition to discussing the threat
posed by high levels of perchlorate in drinking water, the
article presents examples of areas hard hit by contamination and
analyzes the potential impacts of forthcoming drinking water
standards for perchlorate.
2002 marks the 30th anniversary of one of the most significant
environmental laws in American history, the Clean Water Act
(CWA). The CWA has had remarkable success, reversing years of
neglect and outright abuse of the nation’s waters. But challenges
remain as attention turns to the thorny issue of cleaning up
nonpoint sources of pollution.
