Watch our series of short videos on the importance of the
Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, how it works as a water hub for
California and the challenges it is facing.
When a person opens a spigot to draw a glass of water, he or she
may be tapping a source close to home or hundreds of miles away.
Water gets to taps via a complex web of aqueducts, canals and
groundwater.
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Unlike California’s majestic rivers and massive dams and
conveyance systems, groundwater is out of sight and underground,
though no less plentiful. The state’s enormous cache of
underground water is a great natural resource and has contributed
to the state becoming the nation’s top agricultural producer and
leader in high-tech industries.
A new era of groundwater management began in 2014 in California
with the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act. The landmark law
turned 10 in 2024, with many challenges still ahead.
In December 2012, dam operators at Northern California’s Lake Mendocino watched as a series of intense winter storms bore down on them. The dam there is run by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ San Francisco District, whose primary responsibility in the Russian River watershed is flood control. To make room in the reservoir for the expected deluge, the Army Corps released some 25,000 acre-feet of water downstream — enough to supply nearly 90,000 families for a year.
Registration is now open for
the Water Education Foundation’s 41ˢᵗ annual
Water Summitfeaturing leading
policymakers and experts in conversation about the latest
information and insights on water in California and the West.
Nearly two-thirds of California was “abnormally dry” as the
state braced for more hot, dry weather and strong winds,
according to the U.S. Drought Monitor’s latest update. About a
third of the Golden State was experiencing “moderate” to
“exceptional” drought conditions as of Thursday, June 19, the
U.S. Drought Monitor said, with Southern California and parts
of the Central Valley getting hit the
hardest. … Recent hot spells and dryness have
“manifested in rapidly developing soil moisture shortages,
declining prospects for summer water supplies, an elevated
wildfire threat, a boost in irrigation demands and increased
stress on rain-fed crops,” researchers wrote in a weekly
national drought summary. Bouts of warm weather have resulted
in the rapid drying and early melting of the snow pack, leading
to “a variety of agricultural and water-supply issues and
concerns.”
The Senate on Wednesday approved a package of bills from the
Energy and Natural Resources Committee, including legislation
to shore up Colorado River water supplies and
to expand a national park. Both Nevada Democratic Sen.
Catherine Cortez Masto and Alaska Republican Sen. Lisa
Murkowski praised the bipartisan package. “I am hopeful that
the Senate can pass more of these similar, very
noncontroversial bills through the unanimous consent process,”
Murkowski said on the Senate floor. … The measures include S.
154, the “Colorado River Basin System Conservation
Extension Act,” from Colorado Democratic Sens. John
Hickenlooper and Michael Bennet. That bill would renew a $125
million effort to reduce water use in the Upper Basin of the
Colorado River. That region covers parts of Colorado, New
Mexico, Utah and Wyoming.
The Arizona House is taking up the so-called “Ag to Urban
bill.” The Senate approved the bipartisan measure Thursday.
Also known as Senate Bill 1611, the measure provides what
Senate Natural Resources Chair Thomas “T.J.” Shope calls
solutions to Arizona’s most pressing issues: groundwater
protection and skyrocketing home prices due to low supply.
Under the bill, farmers would be allowed to sell their land and
water rights to developers who will in turn build for-sale
housing to meet the needs of Arizona’s growing population. In a
press release, Shope, who’s also the Senate president pro
tempore, called this “the most consequential piece of
groundwater legislation” in decades. ”An analysis of the
Ag-to-Urban program by the Arizona Department of Water
Resources reveals our state will save 9.6-million-acre feet of
water over the next 100 years,” said the Republican senator.
Wildfires can dramatically alter water quality, resulting in
severe implications for human and freshwater systems. However,
regional-scale assessments of these impacts are often limited
by data scarcity. Here, we unify observations from 1984–2021 in
245 burned watersheds across the western United States,
comparing post-fire signals to baseline levels from 293
unburned basins. … Overall, this analysis provides
strong evidence of multi-year water quality degradation
following wildfires in the western United States and highlights
the influence of basin and wildfire features. These insights
may aid water managers in preparation efforts, increasing
resilience of water systems to wildfire impacts.
Operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the
Bay Model is a giant hydraulic replica of San Francisco
Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin
Delta. It is housed in a converted World II-era
warehouse in Sausalito near San Francisco.
Hundreds of gallons of water are pumped through the
three-dimensional, 1.5-acre model to simulate a tidal ebb
and flow lasting 14 minutes.
As part of the historic Colorado
River Delta, the Salton Sea regularly filled and dried for
thousands of years due to its elevation of 237 feet below
sea level.
The most recent version of the Salton Sea was formed in 1905 when
the Colorado River broke
through a series of dikes and flooded the seabed for two years,
creating California’s largest inland body of water. The
Salton Sea, which is saltier than the Pacific Ocean, includes 130
miles of shoreline and is larger than Lake Tahoe.
Drought—an extended period of
limited or no precipitation—is a fact of life in California and
the West, with water resources following boom-and-bust patterns.
During California’s 2012–2016 drought, much of the state
experienced severe drought conditions: significantly less
precipitation and snowpack, reduced streamflow and higher
temperatures. Those same conditions reappeared early in 2021
prompting Gov. Gavin Newsom in May to declare drought emergencies
in watersheds across 41 counties in California.
