Latin America is at a pivotal moment in its water infrastructure development. Historically hindered by limited public funding and rigid policies, investment in sanitation, wastewater treatment, and desalination is now gaining momentum due to population growth, climate pressures, and rising industrial demand. Chile, Peru, Brazil, and Mexico are at the forefront of this shift, each driven by unique socio-economic needs. … Mexico faces severe water scarcity due to droughts, air pollution, and structural challenges, particularly in northern states like Chihuahua, Sonora, Sinaloa, and Baja California. Financial constraints have further hampered efforts to address the crisis. … In April 2025, the government also announced a US$1.5 billion investment for 37 water infrastructure projects, focusing on irrigation, hydro agriculture, and potable water improvements. Key projects include a desalination plant in Rosarito, Baja California, and aqueducts in Colima and Veracruz.